Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy QSC CCLH^[d] (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈmi.ljo a.ɣiˈnal.do]: March 22, 1869 – February 6, 1964) was a Filipino revolutionary, politician, and military leader who is officially recognized as the first and the youngest President of the Philippines (1899–1901) and first president of a constitutional republic in Asia. He led Philippine forces first against Spain in the latter part of the Philippine Revolution (1896–1898), and then in the Spanish–American War(1898), and finally against the United States during the Philippine–American War (1899–1901). He was captured in Palanan, Isabela by American forces on March 23, 1901, which brought an end to his presidency.

Manuel L. Quezon (born Manuel Luís Quezon y Molina; August 19, 1878 – August 1, 1944) was a Filipino statesman, soldier, and politician who served as president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944. He was the first Filipino to head a government of the entire Philippines (as opposed to the government of previous Philippine states), and is considered to have been the second president of the Philippines, after Emilio Aguinaldo (1899–1901).

Sergio Osmeña Sr., PLH, (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈseɾ.xjo ozˈmeɲa]; 9 September 1878 – 19 October 1961) was a Filipinopolitician who served as the thirdPresident of the Philippines from 1944 to 1946. He was Vice President under Manuel L. Quezon. Upon Quezon’s sudden death in 1944, Osmeña succeeded him, at age 65, becoming the oldest holder of the office (a record he held until 71-year old Rodrigo Duterte was elected in 2016). A founder of the Nacionalista Party, Osmeña was also the first Visayan to become President.

Manuel Acuña Roxas (born Manuel Róxas y Acuña; January 1, 1892 – April 15, 1948) was the fifth President of the Philippines who served from 1946 until his death in 1948. He briefly served as the third and last President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from May 28, 1946 to July 4, 1946, subsequently becoming the first President of the independent Third Philippine Republic after the United States ceded its sovereignty over the Philippines.

José P. Laurel, CCLH (born José Paciano Laurel y García; March 9, 1891 – November 6, 1959) was a Filipino politician and judge. He was the president of the Second Philippine Republic, a Japanese puppet state when occupied during World War II, from 1943 to 1945. Since the administration of President Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965), Laurel has been officially recognized by later administrations as former president of the Philippines.

Elpidio Rivera Quirino (born Elpidío Quiríno y Rivera; November 16, 1890 – February 29, 1956) was a Filipinopolitician of ethnic Ilocano descent who served as the sixth President of the Philippines from 1948 to 1953.

A lawyer by profession, Quiríno entered politics when he became a representative of Ilocos Sur from 1919 to 1925. He was then elected as senator from 1925–1931. In 1934, he became a member of the Philippine independence commission that was sent to Washington, D.C., which secured the passage of Tydings–McDuffie Act to American Congress. In 1935, he was also elected to the convention that drafted the 1935 constitution for the newly established Commonwealth. In the new government, he served as secretary of the interior and finance under President Manuel Quezon‘s cabinet.

Ramón del Fierro Magsaysay Sr. (August 31, 1907 – March 17, 1957) was a Filipino politician who was the seventh President of the Philippines, serving from December 30, 1953 until his death in an aircraft disaster. An automobile mechanic, Magsaysay was appointed military governor of Zambales after his outstanding service as a guerilla leader during the Pacific War. He then served two terms as Liberal Party congressman for Zambales before being appointed as Secretary of National Defense by President Elpidio Quirino. He was elected president under the banner of the Nacionalista Party.

Carlos Polestico Garcia, commonly known as Carlos P. Garcia, (November 4, 1896 – June 14, 1971) was a Filipinoteacher, poet, orator, lawyer, public official, political economist, organized guerrilla and Commonwealth military leader, who was the eighthPresident of the Philippines.

Diosdado Pangan Macapagal (September 28, 1910 – April 21, 1997) was the ninthPresident of the Philippines, serving from 1961 to 1965, and the sixthVice-President, serving from 1957 to 1961. He also served as a member of the House of Representatives, and headed the Constitutional Convention of 1970. He is the father of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, who was the 14th President of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010.

Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr. (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was a Filipino politician and kleptocrat who was the tenth President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. A leading member of the far-rightNew Society Movement, he ruled as a dictatorunder martial law from 1972 until 1981.His regime was infamous for its corruption, extravagance,and brutality

Maria Corazon “Cory” Cojuangco Aquino^[ (January 25, 1933 – August 1, 2009) was a Filipino politician who served as the 11thPresident of the Philippines, becoming the first woman to hold that office. The first female president in the Philippines, Aquino was the most prominent figure of the 1986 People Power Revolution, which toppled the 21-year ruleof President Ferdinand Marcos. She was named Time magazine’s Woman of the Year in 1986. Prior to this, she had not held any other elective office.

Gen. Fidel Valdez Ramos, AFP (Ret.) CCLHGCMG (Hon.) (Spanish: [fiˈðel βalˈdes ra.mos]: born Fidel Ramos y Valdez; March 18, 1928), popularly known as FVR and Eddie, is a retired Filipino general and politician who served as the 12th President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998. During his six years in office, Ramos was widely credited and admired by many for revitalizing and renewing international confidence in the Philippine economy. At age 90, he is currently the oldest living former Philippine President.

Joseph “Erap” Ejercito Estrada (born José Ejército y Marcelo; born April 19, 1937) is a Filipino politician and former actor who served as the 13th President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001 and as the ninth Vice President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998. In 2001, he became the first president in Asia to be impeached from an executive role. He has been Mayor of the City of Manila, the country’s capital, since 2013.^[

Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal Arroyo CYC (born April 5, 1947) is a Filipino professor and politician who was the 14th President of the Philippines from 2001 until 2010, as the 10th Vice President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001, as the deputy speaker of the 17th Congress from 2016 to 2017, and a member of the House of Representatives representing the 2nd District of Pampanga since 2010. She was the country’s second female president (after Corazon Aquino), and the daughter of former President Diosdado Macapagal. Arroyo is also the first duly elected female Vice President of the Philippines. She currently serves as Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines, making her the first woman to hold the position.^[

Benigno Simeon “Noynoy” Cojuangco Aquino III^[(born February 8, 1960 in Manila) is a Filipino politician who served as the 15th President of the Philippines from 2010 until 2016. Aquino is a fourth-generation politician and the chairman of the Liberal Party from 2010 to 2016.

Rodrigo Roa Duterte, KGCR (/duːˈtɜːrtə/; Tagalog: [roˈdɾigo dʊˈtɛrtɛ]; born March 28, 1945), also known as Digong and Rody, is a Filipino politician who is the 16th and current President of the Philippines and the first from Mindanao, the southernmost major island group of the country, to hold the office.^[ He is the chair of the ruling PDP–Laban party. Taking office at 71 years old in June 2016, Duterte is the oldest person to assume the Philippine presidency; the record was previously held by Sergio Osmeña at the age of 65.